BUYING A USED BOAT FROM THE US

With the recent economic changes many Canadian buyers are looking at the lower prices south of the border. While there may be some pretty good deals there are a few things to be aware of. If the boat was built outside the NAFTA countries it is going to be subject to duty and if built within, it will still pick up a customs brokerage fee, PST and GST tab and then there is the high cost of transporting it home after you have done lien checks. So you figure in the costs and still think it's a deal. Dig a little deeper before you hand over your money. Just because you are buying a boat from Michigan does not mean it didn't come from Louisiana or Florida. I have seen boats advertised as fresh water boats which turned out to be salties under the shine. How do you choose a surveyor from across the border ? The yellow pages or how about using the one the broker recommends or how about the broker who does the surveys himself .....can you spell conflict of interest. Yes there may be a few deals but you had better do your homework.

You will be better off working through a broker but only if the broker is familiar with importing boats to Canada and knows how to deal with Canada Customs, applicable taxes, lien clearance and USCG documentation releases. This can be complicated stuff if you or your broker are unfamiliar with it. Choose your broker as carefully as you choose your surveyor.

SALT WATER BOATS

Millions of people down south deal with salt corrosion all the time and to them it's simply a way of life. A surveyor in Florida may not make an issue out of corrosion because it's expected however, in our fresh water market a saltie is worth less and with very good reason. A corroded terminal can be easily replaced but if the terminal is rusted then you are guaranteed the corrosion has crept up the conductor. Rewiring a boat can be a very expensive project.

An engine can be steam cleaned and painted, but what about the internal water galleys, gears in the lower unit, inside the exhaust manifolds and cylinder heads. A lot of this stuff you won't see until you pay a mechanic to take it apart and fix it. A good clean up can hide a lot. Even the best surveyor cannot see the bottom of the fuel tank and this is where aluminum corrosion usually resides. Getting the shaft flange off a fresh water boat is usually a 10 minute job, on a salt water boat with corroded nuts & bolts you could be paying a mechanic for a full days work. Same goes for fuel injectors or spark plugs. Unless you have deep pockets or the skills and time to do these things your self, your bargain may well cost more than if you had bought a fresh water boat in the first place and will still likely sell for less when the time comes to move up.

The next three pictures are from the same saltie. While the engine compartment (right) sparkles, difficult to access areas (below) showed extensive corrosion such the electrical terminal and fuel tank fitting shown below. I could not get into these two areas but my camera did. If the terminals look like the one shown below it's a safe bet, the entire conductor (and how many others) is shot. If this fuel tank fitting is corroded how about the others I couldn't get at.


HURRICANE BOATS

The last few years have seen a large number of "hurricane" boats brought north into the upper US states and Canada. One southern broker told me half the hurricane boats he sold were sold to Canadians. Several dealers and individuals have bought many of these boats, patched them up

and a large number of them are showing up on the market with very attractive prices. I want to emphasize that some of these are reputable people doing an honest repair job and making a fair profit. Other less reputable people are doing cover up jobs and flogging shiny junk with fresh paint.

(she ain't pretty she just looks that way).

Some of these boats are turning up in auctions where buyers only get a very limited looksee before bidding.....if they won't let you crawl all over and through the boat keep that bid card in your pocket. I have seen some with very good cosmetic cover-ups and it can be very hard to detect problem areas under the new shine.

This example shown in the next photo had just been totally re-finished by one repairer in Ontario who had bought a number of current model year write-offs to rebuild. They disagree with my opinion of this vessel but percussive sounding revealed several areas of hollow soundings suggestive of core separation or delamination. One spot was opened up and it turned out to be much more extensive than percussive soundings indicated as so much new material had been added on top that the soundings were affected.

(A). shows an area of filler which the repairer says is not theirs. (B) shows the pin hole pattern typical of CoreMat, this is well below the waterline where the manufacturer says there isn't any CoreMat. (C) These light grey areas are where the outer skin is separated from the CoreMat. So what happened to this boat, was the original lay-up this bad or did many hours of impalement (she had been holed just below the area pictured) and beating cause massive sheer stresses which separated the layers? (D) shows that the separation continues upward and outward. How far ? I don't really know and the only way to find out is to keep grinding until you come to the end.
I strongly believe repair of this vessel should never have been attempted and the repairer got in too deep before he realized how bad it was. I later found out that it had cost $60k just to re-wire the entire boat. My client wisely walked from the deal after he read my report.


................Closeup of "D" from photo at right

Or how about these shots from a recent survey.The two photographs below show internal and external views of the same area on the starboard side amidships. On the inside surface a vertical fracture through the laminate runs above and below the hull deck joint while on the external surface, a cosmetic repair effectively hides this damage.

As I said there are honest people refurbishing hurricane boats and there is nothing wrong with this as long as the repairs are well done and there is full disclosure. I am just suggesting that as a buyer you must be even more vigilant than usual. The difficulty in detecting some of these repairs has caused me to decline requests to survey hurricane boats as the liability is not worth the risk. Many of these boats were written off by insurance companies and sold for salvage (scrap). Unfortunately the law does not require disclosure of this fact as it does with used cars.

WARNING !

There is another rather ugly scenario that I have yet to see play out however, I am keeping an eye out for it. Many of these boats came from the gulf coast where sewage treatment plants are of questionable efficiency and few marinas have pumpout stations (those that do exist rarely work) and even fewer boats bother to use their holding tanks. One must also consider the massive pollution of southern water during the last few years of hurricanes. After a boat has taken on a couple of feet of this sweet harbour water in Louisiana, how long before mould and bacteria starts to creep out of those freshly varnished plywood bulkheads ? Combine some sewage with the bacteria in much more organically active salt water and you could have a very unpleasant brew fermenting in those stringers, bulkheads and teak paneling.

TOO GOOD TO BE TRUE ?

If the deal is too good to be true...well it probably is ! Far too often this year the number one recommendation in my survey reports has been .......

The HIN/MIC is not in the correct format and the purchaser should ensure provenance of the vessel prior to completing purchase.

or

HIN/MIC appears to have been changed. Provenance to be ensured prior to completing purchase.

Before you spend dollars for a ticket to Florida or hours driving to Chicago have the vendor send you a photograph of the HIN/MIC if he can't provide one then move on. If he does send one then check out my other article to my other article What's a HIN ”

If you still want to do this, read Choosing A Marine Surveyor and then go to Society of Accredited Marine Surveyors® to find a qualified marine surveyor in the appropriate area. You should also check the BoatUs list of Approved Surveyors as they are highly selective about the surveyors they approve.


Captain Wallace Gouk AMS® Marine Surveyor
Port Credit Marine Surveys



Captain Wallace Gouk AM
S®, Survey reports accepted world wide by all financial and insurance institutions for sail and power boats servicing Ontario east, west, south and beyond including Niagara-on-the-Lake, St. Catharines, Grimsby, 50 Point, Stoney Creek, Hamilton, Burlington, Oakville, Bronte, Port Credit, Mississauga, Toronto, Oshawa, Pickering, Port Hope, Coburg, Newcastle, Kingston, Brockville, Penetanguishene, Midland, Barrie and Keswick. I have also worked in New York State, Rhode Island, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Virginia, Florida and the Bahamas.